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Docs: update the commit message format to a modified version of the AngularJS commit message style

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antifallobst 2023-07-20 01:21:40 +02:00
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# Commit message style
*This specification is heavily inspired by the [AngularJS commit message format][https://github.com/angular/angular/blob/main/CONTRIBUTING.md#-commit-message-format].*
Commit messages have to align with the following style:
We have very precise rules over how our Git commit messages must be formatted.
This format leads to **easier to read commit history**.
`<type> (<space>): <change>`
Each commit message consists of a **header**, a **body** (optional), and a **footer** (optional).
Pull requests that don't align with this style probably won't be accepted.
## type
The type of change to be committed.
```
<header>
<BLANK LINE>
<body>
<BLANK LINE>
<footer>
```
Possible values:
- __feature__ - When you added a new feature or functionality.
- __fix__ - When you fixed a bug or stuff like that.
- __docs__ - When you wrote documentation or changed the readme. The space field is optional here.
- __refactor__ - When you restructured the codebase / parts of it. The space field is optional here.
The `header` is mandatory and must conform to the _Commit Message Header format_ (described below).
If your commit has multiple types, think about splitting it into multiple commits.
This helps others (and you) to understand changes in retrospect.
The `body` is mandatory for all commits that are not 100% self explainatory.
When the body is present it must be at least 20 characters long and must conform to the _Commit Message Body format_.
## space
The space that is affected by the commit.
The `footer` is optional. The _Commit Message Footer format_ (described below) describes what the footer is used for and the structure it must have.
## change
What you've changed. / The actual commit message.
# Examples
- `feature (AHCI): implemented port initialization`
- `fix (processes): changed process spawning to copy the null terminator at the end of the name`
## Commit Message Header
```
<type>(<scope>): <short summary>
│ │ │
│ │ └─⫸ Summary in present tense. Not capitalized. No period at the end.
│ │
│ └─⫸ Commit Scope: The name of the affected module.
└─⫸ Commit Type: Build|Docs|Feat|Fix|Perf|Refactor|Test|Merge
```
The `<type>` and `<summary>` fields are mandatory, the `(<scope>)` field is optional.
### type
Must be one of the following:
* **Build**: Changes that affect the build system or external dependencies (example scopes: gulp, broccoli, npm)
* **Docs**: Documentation only changes
* **Feat**: A new feature
* **Fix**: A bug fix
* **Perf**: A code change that improves performance
* **Refactor**: A code change that neither fixes a bug nor adds a feature
* **Test**: Adding missing tests or correcting existing tests
* **Merge**: A merging commit
### Scope
The scope should be the name of the module affected (as perceived by the person reading the changelog generated from commit messages).
Specify submodules if needed!
Example scopes:
* `app::events`
* `ui`
When a commit affects the whole tree, use `treewide`.
### Summary
Use the summary field to provide a succinct description of the change:
* use the imperative, present tense: "change" not "changed" nor "changes"
* don't capitalize the first letter
* no dot (.) at the end
## Commit Message Body
Just as in the summary, use the imperative, present tense: "fix" not "fixed" nor "fixes".
Explain the motivation for the change in the commit message body. This commit message should explain _why_ you are making the change.
You can include a comparison of the previous behavior with the new behavior in order to illustrate the impact of the change.
This is not needed, if the summary is 100% self-explainatory.
## Commit Message Footer
The footer can contain information about breaking changes and deprecations and is also the place to reference issues and other PRs that this commit closes or is related to.
For example:
```
BREAKING CHANGE: <breaking change summary>
<BLANK LINE>
<breaking change description + migration instructions>
<BLANK LINE>
<BLANK LINE>
Fixes #<issue number>
```
or
```
DEPRECATED: <what is deprecated>
<BLANK LINE>
<deprecation description + recommended update path>
<BLANK LINE>
<BLANK LINE>
Closes #<pr number>
```
Breaking Change section should start with the phrase "BREAKING CHANGE: " followed by a summary of the breaking change, a blank line, and a detailed description of the breaking change that also includes migration instructions.
Similarly, a Deprecation section should start with "DEPRECATED: " followed by a short description of what is deprecated, a blank line, and a detailed description of the deprecation that also mentions the recommended update path.